Corneal Endothelial Changes in Keratoconus

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446468

Abstract

 
Background: Septic shock, a critical condition marked by circulatory failure and organ dysfunction from an abnormal response to infection, requires immediate hemodynamic resuscitation to restore tissue perfusion and improve outcomes. This study assessed changes in hemodynamic parameters in septic shock patients before and after fluid resuscitation.
Aim: To evaluate the hemodynamic changes before and after resuscitation by either colloids or crystalloids  .
Patient and Methods: 60 patients with septic shock in the emergency and critical care departments of Al-Azhar University Hospitals were divided into two groups, A and B, with 30 patients in each group. Hemodynamic parameters such as blood pressure were measured at baseline and three hours after administering 30 mL/kg fluid resuscitation according to standard guidelines. The effects of saline versus albumin were also compared.
Results: After fluid resuscitation, significant improvements occurred in systolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (65 to 95 mmHg), SvO2 (62% to 72%), and lactate clearance (p<0.001). Saline resulted in higher mean arterial pressure (+18 mmHg) and cardiac index (+1.2 L/min/m²) than albumin (p<0.05). In-hospital mortality was 25%.
Conclusion: Marked hemodynamic improvements occurred following protocolized resuscitation, with crystalloids achieving the best corrections.
 
 

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