Assessment of Serum Human GADD45A and Peripheral Nerves Examinations in Fibromyalgia Patients

El-Gendy, Salwa Saied; El-abd, Hemat Ahmed; Abd Elbaky, Nashwa Mohamed; Abdel-Razik, Raghda Salah El-Sayed

doi:https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446633

Assessment of Serum Human GADD45A and Peripheral Nerves Examinations in Fibromyalgia Patients

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

² Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

³ Department of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446633

Abstract

Background: Fibromyalgia is a disorder defined by chronic, widespread musculoskeletal pain.
Aim: To evaluate serum GADD45A levels in fibromyalgia patients, evaluate peripheral nerves through nerve conduction and neuro-ultrasound, and investigate if there is a correlation between serum GADD45A levels and clinical parameters.
Subjects and methods: The present research involved fifty cases of fibromyalgia (FM) in the Rheumatology and Rehabilitation and Psychiatric departments of Al Zahraa University Hospital.
Results: Serum GADD45A level can be used for assessment of fibromyalgia syndrome in the studied patients at a cut-off>1.812 (AUC =0.819 and P value<0.001) with 90.00% sensitivity, 66.00% Specificity, 72.6 %PPV, and 86.8 % NPV.Nerve cross-sectional area can be used for assessment of fibromyalgia syndrome in the studied patients at a cut-off>3.3 mm2 (AUC =0.718 and P value<0.001) with 100.00% Specificity, 40.00% sensitivity, 62.5% NPV, and 100.0% PPV. A positive correlation was discovered among Serum GADD45A level and (PDQ, FIQ, and Nerve cross-sectional area). A correlation was discovered between Serum GADD45A level and (Age, BMI, and disease duration) in the studied Case group. The nerve conduction study showed statistically significant differences between the two groups. Nerve cross-sectional area was significantly greater in the case group compared to the control group (P value<0.001). 25(50%) patients had neuropathy in the studied case group.
Conclusion: Clinical examination, ultrasound, and serum GADD45A levels are crucial for identifying and assessing fibromyalgia, with sural nerve CSA being the optimal cut-off for neuropathic pain features.

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