Pattern of Coronary Artery Affection in Young Patients Presenting with ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Document Type : Original Article

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Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt

https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446587

Abstract

Background: STEMI is characterized by acute coronary thrombosis accompanied by sustained ST-segment elevation of ≥ 1 mm in ≥ two consecutive ECG leads. Although in young people, acute myocardial infarction (MI) is rather infrequent, its potential for mortality and long-term impairment renders it a significant clinical concern.
Objective: To evaluate the postulated risk variables, clinical presentation, angiographic results, and outcomes of acute MI in young people, known as individuals below forty years of age.
Methods: The present research is a cross-sectional study comprising 100 patients diagnosed with STEMI. The patients underwent clinical assessment, standard laboratory tests, electrocardiogram, Echocardiography, and coronary angiography for diagnostic and therapeutic objectives.
Results: A Total of 100 young participants were included. Participants' sex was predominantly male (89%) with a mean age of 32.8 ± 4.57 years. The most frequently detected type of MI was anterior MI which was detected among (65%) of the patients and the most frequently detected risk factor was smoking which was detected among (78%) of the patients also shows that (65%) of the patients had single-vessel disease, (29%) presented with 2-vessel disease and (6%) 3-vessel disease. Also, the most frequently detected infarcted artery was LAD, which was detected among 66% of the patients.
Conclusion: The most common presentation is Anterior STEMI with atherothrombotic events as an underlying etiology. Smoking is the most prevalent risk variable. Approximately 65% of participants exhibit single-vessel disease, and the most frequently involved artery was the left anterior descending artery.
 
 

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