Importance of Urinary Monocytic Chemoattractant Protein-1 as a Non Invasive Biomaker for lupus Nephritis Activity

Ahmed, Safwat Farrag; Rashed, Alsayed Mohamed; Abo Ghabsha, Mohamed Elsayed; Abdelaziz, Abdelaziz Refaat

doi:https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446562

Importance of Urinary Monocytic Chemoattractant Protein-1 as a Non Invasive Biomaker for lupus Nephritis Activity

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Professor of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

² Assistant Professor of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

³ Assistant Professor of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

⁴ MSc, Internal Medicine and Nephrology , Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446562

Abstract

Background: About 40-60% of people with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) will also have lupus nephritis (LN), a renal involvement symptom that can show in a variety of ways.
Aim and objectives: For the purpose of assessing uMCP-1, or urine monocyte chemotactic protein-1, as a noninvasive indicator of lupus nephritis activity
Subjects and methods: Of the 90 participants in this cross-sectional study, 30 were healthy controls of the same age and sex, and 60 were patients with SLE according to four or more American College of Rheumatology criteria. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 55. From May 2023 through January 2024, patients were enrolled from the nephrology outpatient clinics and inpatient wards of Al-Azhar University Hospitals.
Results: The active LN group had significantly greater urinary MCP-1 levels compared to the inactive LN group and controls (p~0.001). A strong positive connection was found between uMCP-1 and LN activity. Highly significant (p<0.001). In the active LN group, uMPC-1 was positively correlated with 24-hour urine protein, anti-dsDNA, renal SLEDAI, and biopsy activity index.
Conclusion: There is a strong association between the clinical and laboratory parameters of the activity investigated and the urinary MCP-1 levels, which reveal a large increase in cases of LN activity. uMCP-1 could differentiate between renal disease that was inactive and active LN and/or recurrence. It reliably detected LN activity and relapse with high sensitivity and specificity, making it an excellent diagnostic tool.

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