Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Professor of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
2
Assistant Professor of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
3
MBBCh, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446489
Abstract
Background: Worldwide, smoking causes premature death among the elderly and impacts nearly every organ in the body. Additionally, it significantly increases the likelihood of developing cognitive decline, Alzheimer's disease, and dementia.
Aim and objectives: To evaluate the effect of smoking on macular perfusion using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Subjects and methods: This case-control study was conducted on 96 eyes of patients at the ophthalmology outpatient clinic, Suez Canal University Hospital, Ismailia, Egypt, from January 2023 to January 2024.
Results: When comparing smokers' eyes to those of healthy people who do not smoke, we see that the former have a larger FAZ and smaller foveal VD of the superior ciliary plane and inferior ciliary plane, respectively. The control group had a mean whole superficial layer density of 49.51±2.96, while the smoker's group had 47.30±3.29, with a statistically significant P-value<0.001. With a statistically significant P-value<0.001, the control group had a mean entire deep layer density of 51.15±5.29 while the smoker's group had 45.69±4.62. The control group had a mean FAZ area (mm2) of 0.24±0.08 while the smoker's group had a mean of 0.32±0.09, with a statistically significant P-value<0.001.
Conclusion: Smoking has obvious consequences on the eyes, particularly on the macular perfusion. A notable decline in VD, particularly in deep layer density, and an expansion of FAZ area were noted.
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