Studying The Role of IgA Among Egyptian Asthmatics in Terms of Association and Differentiation

Soliman, Abdel Wahab Mohamed Lotfy; Abd El Haliem, Naglaa Farouk; Shalaby, Abdul Rahman Hamdy; Radwan, Alaa Ali Elsayed

doi:https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446485

Studying The Role of IgA Among Egyptian Asthmatics in Terms of Association and Differentiation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Professor & Head of Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

² Professor & Head of Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine for girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

³ Lecturer of internal medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

⁴ MBBCh, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.

https://doi.org/10.21608/aimj.2025.446485

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that impacts the airways of the lungs in both adults and children. It begins with inflammation and tightness of the muscles surrounding the small airways in the lungs, which narrows the airways.
Aim and objectives: To find out how frequent IgA deficiency among asthmatics(if any). Correlating its level with exacerbations is a trial to help us answering the question, is it related to asthma severity or to recurrent infection.
Patients and methods: For this case control study, researchers in Egypt surveyed ninety individuals between January 2023 and March 2024 at two different allergy and immunology centers: Al-Azhar University and Al-Hussein Immunology and Allergy Clinic, and were divided according to clinical and pulmonary function parameters into 3-groups.
Results: Concerning the percentage of IgA deficiency in asthmatic patients, 12(40%) of asthmatic patients with exacerbation, 3(10%) of stable asthmatic patients, and one(3.3%) of controls had IgA deficiency. Group I had a significantly greater rate of IgA deficit when compared to groups II and III, when looking at the percentages of IgA deficiency among the three.
Conclusion: Asthmatic patients had IgA deficiency more than controls, and IgA was inversely associated with total leucocytic count. Also, serum IgA can differentiate asthmatic patients with exacerbation from stable asthmatic patients and controls. Furthermore, Immune factors and immunoglobulin, particularly IgA, which has demonstrated a strong correlation with both the prevalence and severity of asthma attacks, play a part in the disease's underlying mechanism.

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