Efficacy of Day 3 versus Day 5 Embryo Transfer in Poor Ovarian Response Infertile Women Undergoing Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

Authors

1 Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

2 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt

3 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Poor ovarian response (POR) is a significant treatment challenge faced by women undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Few interventions have specifically addressed embryo transfer (ET) techniques for POR. Aim and objectives: To find out if transferring embryos on day three and day five yields different results for women with POR. Patients and methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial involved 120 patients with POR who received ICSI between March 2022 and February 2024, aged 35 years or older. Two groups participated: Group 1 comprised 60 women who had fresh or frozen embryo transfers on day 3, and Group 2 comprised 60 women who had the same procedures done on day 5. Results: The study groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, antral follicle count, and the number of oocytes retrieved. There was no statistically significant difference (p = 0.69) between the groups in terms of pregnancy rate; however, the day 5 (blastocyst stage) group had a higher rate compared to the day 3 (cleavage stage) group (30% vs. 26.7%). Conclusion: Patients with POR may see some advantages with embryo transfers performed on day five rather than day 3, and frozen embryo transfer appears advantageous over fresh transfer. Three high-quality embryos on day 2 of fertilization are required for these results

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