Role of umbilical artery and fetal middle cerebral artery doppler study in prediction of pregnancy outcome in high-risk pregnancies

Background: Doppler ultrasonography has shown to be a valuable technique for evaluating the blood flow in the foetus and placenta, as well as predicting adverse results throughout pregnancy. Aim and objectives: To investigate the sensitivity and specificity of umbilical artery middle cerebral artery Doppler pulsatility index resistive index as diagnostic value for antepartum assessment of fetal well-being prediction of adverse outcome in high-risk pregnancy. Patients and methods: This was Prospective observational research performed on 100 pregnant women collected from the obstetric outpatient clinic at Mansoura General Hospital (MGH), especially in radiology department, obstetric department and outpatient clinic and NICU (neonatal intensive care unit). Patients were separated into two groups. Results: A highly statistically significant (p-value < 0.001) reduced 5 min APGAR, birth weight and in-cases group compared with the control group. A highly statistically significant (p-value < 0.001) raised the percentage of NICU and CS delivery in the cases group compared with the control group. However, there was no statistically significant variance (p-value > 0.05) among the examined groups (cases and control) regarding the percentage of neonatal death. Conclusion: There is an essential relationship between Doppler abnormalities and adverse neonatal results, suggesting that assessing these vessels (Umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery) is essential to determine delivery timing. This indicates that multi-vessel Doppler ultrasonography is reliable for categorising IUGR foetuses with placental vascular insufficiency into different risk groups.