Obesity and Its Effects on Ovulatory Functions

Authors

1 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

2 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

3 Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kafr El-Sheikh General Hospital, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Background: Obesity is defined as a person having a body mass index greater than or equal to thirty, and being overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9. The aim of this study : To estimate the effect of women's obesity on ovulatory functions and the reproductive hormonal milieu. Patients and methods: This case-control investigation has been performed on sixty cases has been categorized into two groups relative to their BMI: Group 1:30 non-obese (18.5 –29.9kilogram per meter square BMI) and Group 2: 30 obese (BMI of 30.0 9kilogram per meter square greater) at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Al Zahraa Hospital, AL- Azhar University, during the period from March 2021till December 2023. Results: There was statistically significant elevation in the mean levels of LH, and estradiol (E2) and testosterone among obese cases than non-obese controls (P = 0.001, P= 0.007&<0.001respectively). However, there was insignificant variance in the mean levels of FSH, TSH, and prolactin between studied groups (P-value greater than 0.05). The mean progesterone level was significantly greater in the non-obese than in the obese group (10.77± 3.21 and 5.61± 4.53), respectively. A statistically significant variance regarding progesterone levels was observed among both groups (P-value less than 0.001). Conclusion: Obesity has a negative impact on the dynamics of ovulatory hormones, with a decreased rate of ovulation, a decreased mean of follicle size, and an increase in the mean levels of LH, estradiol (E2), and testosterone, and decreased progesterone level.

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