Serum and Urine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein- 1, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, and Neopterin as Sensitive Biomarkers for Assessment of Renal Parenchymal Damage in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

Authors

1 Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

2 Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease postulated to be a constitutional pathology with interlacing between different etiological and pathogenic factors, which lead to ESRD. These pathogenic factorssuch as MCP-1, Neopterin and MCSF control migration of mediators that cause damage of renal tissue and play a role in the process inflammation. Aim: confirming the presence of the sensitive markers for renal parenchymal damage, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, neopterin, and macrophage colony-stimulating factor in patients' urine and serum as well as the progression of those patients to end-stage renal disease. Methodology and Patients: This prospective case-control study, which included two equal groups of forty candidates each, was conducted at the hospitals affiliated with Al-Azhar University. Twenty patients receiving regular hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease with mean age of (9.60 ± 1.85), they were 10 males and 10 females (Group 1). Twenty apparently healthy children with mean age was (8.15 ± 2.76), they were 10 males and 10 females (group 2). Results: With a p value of 0.001, there is a statistically significant variation between the studied groups in terms of serum levels of MCP-1 and neopterin.With a p value of 0.072, there is no statistically significant difference between the studied groups in terms of serum levels of MCSF.Regarding urinary levels of MCP-1, MCSF, and Neopterin, there is a statistically significant difference between the three groups with a p value 0.001. Conclusion: MCP-1, Neopterin and MCSF can be future biomarkers for early detection of renal affection in patients with CKD and can be useful for prognosis of progression of CKD.

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