Evaluation of Serum Pancreatic Amylase and Lipase in Children and Adolescents at High Risk for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Authors

1 Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

2 Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine for Boys, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

3 Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya

Abstract

Background: Among the top ten major causes of death globally is diabetes mellitus (DM). Hyperglycemia, an aberrant physiological state characterized by consistently elevated blood glucose levels, is a hallmark of this complex metabolic disease. Hyperglycemia is brought on by anomalies in the secretion, activity, or combination of the two of insulin. It manifests as a variety of persistent dysfunctions in the metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Aim and objectives: To determine how much pancreatic lipase and amylase are present in the serum of kids and teenagers who could get type 1 diabetes. Patients and methods: The pediatric department of the Al-Hussein and Bab El-Sharia University Hospitals in Cairo, Egypt, was the site of this case-control study. Between December 2022 and December 2023, 75 participants participated in the trial. Results: There is a link between islet β cell destruction by autoantibodies and the level of serum pancreatic lipase and amylase. Selective destruction of islet β cells can extend to other exocrine pancreatic functions and affect the level of serum lipase and amylase. Conclusion: Significant reduction in pancreatic lipase and pancreatic amylase in children with T1DM may be due to progressive atrophic changes of the exocrine pancreas as a result of T1DM. Examining pancreatic enzymes could provide valuable insights into the duration of diabetes and the underlying physiological processes.

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