Effect of Hyperglycemia on the Outcome of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Mohammed, Hossam; Abdelhady, Marwa; Hamed, Aboalnaga; Nabih, Ahmed; Abdalla, Hytham

doi:10.58675/2682-339X.2876

Effect of Hyperglycemia on the Outcome of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Authors

¹ Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt

² Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Luxor University, Luxor, Egypt

³ Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt

10.58675/2682-339X.2876

Abstract

Background: Hyperglycemia impairs immune responses, potentially exacerbating community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) outcomes. Objectives: This work aims to evaluate hyperglycemia's influence on CAP's outcome. Methods: This observational, prospective study investigated 200 elderly CAP individuals (130 nondiabetic, 70 diabetic). Outcomes included ICU admission, mechanical ventilation requirement, oxygen support needs, disease severity (CURB score ≥3), and length of hospital stay. Results: Higher rates of obesity (p=0.003) and significantly older age (p=0.001) were found in diabetic individuals. They exhibited a lower prevalence of sore throat (p=0.001) and fever (p=0.05), with higher neutrophil counts (p=0.004). CT scans revealed more frequent crazy paving patterns in diabetic patients (p=0.01). Diabetic patients had higher rates of ICU admission (p Conclusions: Hyperglycemia in CAP patients was associated with increased disease severity, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation requirements; it did not significantly impact mortality rates. These findings underscore the importance of glycemic control in managing CAP patients, particularly those with comorbid diabetes.

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