Effect of Vitamin D Versus Placebo on Fetal Outcomes and Maternal Control in Pregnant Women with pre Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent global disease, with its occurrence steadily rising. Vitamin D insufficiency is globally acknowledged as a prevalent health issue. Objective: To assess the impact of vitamin D on fetal outcomes and mother glycemic control in pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus. Patients and methods: This study is a prospective analysis involving 140 pregnant women who have already been diagnosed with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups using a computer allocation process. The study was conducted at Bab El Sharia and Al-Hussein Al-Azhar University Hospitals. The patients recruited from the Inpatient and outpatient clinic. Results: Regarding the maternal outcomes of the research groups. There was not any statistically significant distinction in the occurrence of pre-eclampsia between the two groups being examined (p=0.154). A notable disparity in Polyhydramnios was seen between both groups being examined, with a 0.005 significant p-value. There was a statistically significant difference in hospitalization between the two groups under investigation (p=0.009). Between the two groups under investigation, there was no statistically significant difference in preterm delivery (p=0.245). There was a significant difference in Macrosomia (p=0.004) between the two groups under investigation. Conclusion: Pregnant women with GDM can benefit from vitamin D supplementation, which also lowers the risk of unfavourable pregnancy outcomes. It is important to remember that additional analysis and research on the amount and duration of vitamin D supplementation are still required to produce proof for avoiding negative effects in future, high-caliber studies.